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Internet
marketing,
also
referred to as Online Marketing, is Marketing that uses the Internet.
The Internet has brought many unique benefits to marketing that include
very low costs in distributing information and media to a global
audience. However, the interactive nature of the media, both in terms
of instant response, and in eliciting response at all, are both
desirable qualities of internet marketing.
Internet marketing ties together both the
creative and technical aspects of the internet, including design,
development, advertising and sales. Internet Marketing methods include
search engine marketing, display advertising, e-mail marketing,
affiliate marketing, interactive advertising and viral marketing.
Internet marketing is most commonly a
component of electronic commerce, but Internet marketing campaigns are
also used to drive a marketing message for services that cannot even be
ordered online.
Internet marketing can sometimes include
information management, public relations, customer service, market
research, and sales. Electronic commerce and Internet marketing have
become popular as Internet access is becoming more widely available and
used. Well over one third of consumers who have Internet access in
their homes report using the Internet to make purchases.
Internet marketing is associated with
several business models. The main models include business-to-business
(B2B) and business-to-consumer (B2C). B2B consists of companies doing
business with each other, whereas B2C involves selling directly to the
end consumer (see Malala, 2003) When Internet marketing first
began, the B2C model was first to emerge. B2B transactions were more
complex and came about later. A third, less common business model is
peer-to-peer (P2P), where individuals exchange goods between
themselves. An example of P2P is Kazaa, which is built upon individuals
sharing files.
Internet marketing can also be seen in
various formats. One version is name-your-price (e.g. Priceline.com).
With this format, customers are able to state what price range they
wish to spend and then select from items at that price range. With
find-the-best-price websites (e.g. Hotwire.com), Internet users can
search for the lowest prices on items. A final format is online
auctions
(e.g. Ebay.com) where buyers bid on listed items.
It should be noted, however; as described
above, under history, that current use of the term internet marketing
commonly refers to the use of direct response marketing strategies,
that were traditionally used in direct mail, radio, and TV
infomercials, applied to the internet business space. When
professionals and entrepreneurs commonly refer to "internet marketing"
it is this model that they are often referring to.
Some of the benefits associated with
Internet marketing include the availability of information. Consumers
can log onto the Internet and learn about products, as well as purchase
them, at any hour. Companies that use Internet marketing can also save
money because of a reduced need for a sales force. Overall, Internet
marketing can help expand from a local market to both national and
international market places. And, in a way, it levels the playing field
for big and small players. Unlike traditional marketing media (like
print, radio and TV), entry into the realm of Internet marketing can be
a lot less expensive.
Furthermore, since exposure, response and
overall efficiency of digital media is much easier to track than that
of traditional "offline" media, Internet marketing offers a greater
sense of accountability for advertisers.
Compared to the other media marketing(like
print, radio and TV), Internet marketing is growing very fast. It's
also gaining popularity among small businesses and even consumers when
trying to monetize their blog or website. The measurability of the
internet as a media makes it easier to experience innovative
e-marketing tactics that will prove a better Cost of Acquisition than
other media. However, in most developed countries, internet marketing
and advertising spending is around 5% only, while TV, radio, and the
print are more.
Limitations of Internet marketing create problems for both companies
and consumers. Slow Internet connections can cause difficulties. If
companies build overly large or complicated web pages, Internet users
may struggle to download the information. Internet marketing does not
allow shoppers to touch, smell, taste or try-on tangible goods before
making an online purchase. Some e-commerce vendors have implemented
liberal return policies to reassure customers. Germany for example
introduced a law in 2000 (Fernabsatzgesetz - later incorporated into
the BGB), that allows any buyer of a new product over the internet to
return the product on a no-questions-asked basis and get a full return.
This is one of the main reasons why in Germany internet shopping became
so popular. Another limiting factor, particularly with respect to
actual buying and selling, is the adequate development (or lack
thereof) of electronic payment methods like e-checks, credit cards,
etc. Additionally, there is the need to drive people to the site.
Without other collateral such as print, television or radio (with print
being the most effective due to the longevity of the piece compared to
an ad on the radio or tv) it can often be difficult for the consumer or
other businesses to find any specific address without prior knowledge.
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